鑄鐵平板鑄造方法選擇的原則
2015年07月20日
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泊頭市正創機械設備制造有限公司鑄鐵平板擁有30余年經驗的廠家，樣式多種，規格齊全，可訂做，按用戶要求制作！
1，要(yao)(yao)兼顧鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)平(ping)板鑄(zhu)件的(de)度要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)和成(cheng)本各種鑄(zhu)造方(fang)(fang)法(fa)所獲得的(de)鑄(zhu)件度不(bu)同(tong)，初投資(zi)和生產(chan)率也不(bu)一(yi)致(zhi)，終的(de)經濟效(xiao)益也有差異(yi)。因此，要(yao)(yao)做到多、快(kuai)、好、省， 應當兼顧到各個(ge)方(fang)(fang)面。應對所選(xuan)用的(de)鑄(zhu)造方(fang)(fang)法(fa)進行初步的(de)成(cheng)本估算(suan)，以確定經濟效(xiao)益高(gao)又能保證鑄(zhu)件要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)的(de)鑄(zhu)造方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。
2，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鐵平板鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)方(fang)法(fa)應(ying)(ying)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)批(pi)(pi)量(liang)相適應(ying)(ying)，例如砂(sha)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)，大量(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)廠應(ying)(ying)創造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)條件(jian)采用(yong)技術的(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)方(fang)法(fa)。老(lao)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)震擊式(shi)或(huo)震壓(ya)(ya)式(shi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)率不(bu)(bu)夠高(gao)，工(gong)人勞動強度大，噪聲大，不(bu)(bu)適應(ying)(ying)大量(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，應(ying)(ying)逐步加以(yi)改造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)。對于小型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)，可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)水平分型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)垂直(zhi)分型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)箱高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)、實型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)效率又高(gao)，占(zhan)地面積也(ye)少(shao)；對于鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)各(ge)種(zhong)有箱高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)、氣沖(chong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)線(xian)，以(yi)適應(ying)(ying)快速(su)、高(gao)度造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)方(fang)法(fa)可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)：冷芯(xin)(xin)(xin)盒、熱芯(xin)(xin)(xin)盒、殼芯(xin)(xin)(xin)等制芯(xin)(xin)(xin)方(fang)法(fa)。中等批(pi)(pi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)大型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)可(ke)以(yi)考(kao)慮應(ying)(ying)用(yong)樹脂自硬砂(sha)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)。單件(jian)小批(pi)(pi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)重型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)，手工(gong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仍是重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)，手工(gong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能適應(ying)(ying)各(ge)種(zhong)復雜的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)比較靈活，不(bu)(bu)要(yao)求(qiu)很多(duo)(duo)工(gong)藝裝備(bei)。批(pi)(pi)量(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)或(huo)長期生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)定型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)采用(yong)多(duo)(duo)箱造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、劈箱造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)法(fa)比較適宜(yi)，雖然模具、砂(sha)箱等開始投資高(gao)，但(dan)可(ke)從節約造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)時、提(ti)高(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量(liang)方(fang)面得到補償。低壓(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)、壓(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、離心鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)等鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)方(fang)法(fa)，因設備(bei)和(he)模具的(de)(de)(de)價格昂(ang)貴，所以(yi)只適合(he)批(pi)(pi)量(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。
3，鑄(zhu)鐵平板造(zao)型方法應適(shi)(shi)合(he)工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)條(tiao)件(jian)，例如同樣是(shi)生產(chan)大型機床床身等鑄(zhu)件(jian)，一般采(cai)用組芯(xin)造(zao)型法，不(bu)制(zhi)作模樣和砂箱，在(zai)地(di)坑(keng)中組芯(xin)；而另外的(de)工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)則(ze)采(cai)用砂箱造(zao)型法，制(zhi)作模樣。不(bu)同的(de)企(qi)業生產(chan)條(tiao)件(jian)(包括設備、場(chang)地(di)、員工(gong)(gong)素質等)、生產(chan)習慣、所積累的(de)經驗各不(bu)一樣，應該根據這些條(tiao)件(jian)考慮適(shi)(shi)合(he)做什么產(chan)品和不(bu)適(shi)(shi)合(he)(或不(bu)能)做什么產(chan)品。
4，優先采用砂型鑄(zhu)造據統(tong)計在全部鑄(zhu)鐵平板鑄(zhu)件(jian)產量中，60～70的(de)鑄(zhu)件(jian)是用砂型生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)，而且其(qi)(qi)中70左(zuo)右是用粘土(tu)砂型生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)。主要原(yuan)因(yin)是砂型鑄(zhu)造較之其(qi)(qi)它(ta)鑄(zhu)造方法成本低、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產工藝簡單、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產周期短。
一般來講，對于(yu)中、大型(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鐵件可以用(yong)樹(shu)脂(zhi)自硬砂型(xing)、鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鋼件可以用(yong)水玻璃砂型(xing)來生產，可以獲得(de)尺寸、表(biao)面光(guang)潔的鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件，但成本(ben)較(jiao)高(gao)。當然，砂型(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)生產的鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件度(du)、表(biao)面光(guang)潔度(du)、材(cai)質的密(mi)度(du)和金相組織、機(ji)械性能等(deng)方面往(wang)往(wang)較(jiao)差，所以當鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件的這些性能要求 高(gao)時(shi)，應該采(cai)用(yong)其它(ta)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)方法，例(li)如(ru)熔(rong)模(失臘)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)、壓(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、低(di)壓(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)等(deng)等(deng)。
泊鑄機械量具廠鑄鐵平板完(wan)全按照 標準確GB7947-1999《鑄鐵平板》級(ji)(ji)別(bie)分為0、1、2、3， 刨5個級(ji)(ji)別(bie)。其中2級(ji)(ji)以上為檢驗(yan)平板，3級(ji)(ji)為劃線平板或(huo)基礎平板。
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